Sharing the Banquet

by Peter L. DeGroote

 

 

 

Notes for Bible Talk: October 19, 2005

Please read:

Matthew 20: 1-13; Luke 14: 16-23

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bible Talk is an informal discussion of biblical passages, ideas, and related material.

The discussions are on Wednesday evenings at 7:30 pm, following the Service of Word and Table. Occasionally, they will not be held due to special events.

These Notes are intended to assist participants in thinking about the passages and some of their implications prior to the gathering.   

Usually, the Notes are prepared and the discussion is led by Rev. Peter L. DeGroote

 

 

The sources for biblical quotations are labeled as follows:

NRSV: The New Revised Standard Version, Copyright ©1989, The National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States.

SV: The Scholar’s Version; i.e., The Five Gospels, The Search for the Authentic Words of Jesus, Robert W. Funk and Roy W. Hoover, and The Jesus Seminar, Copyright © 1993 by Polebridge Press.

TM: The Message, The New Testament in Contemporary Language, Copyright © Eugene H. Peterson 1993. navpress, Colorado Springs.

M: My paraphrase.

 

 

1. The two versions of this parable that we find in the gospels are much different, both as to story and the way it is used. So, too, with another account that can be found in early Christian sources that were not included in the Bible. Sorting through the differences, the basic story seems to go as follows:

 

A man prepared an elaborate dinner party to which he had previously invited his friends and, according to custom, when the food was nearly ready, sent a servant to tell them it was time to eat. All of them canceled at the last minute saying they had something more important to do. When the servant returned he told his master that none of the guests could come. The master told the servant to go into the streets and invite anyone he came across until his house was full.

 

2. From the beginning, the interpretations of this parable have generally fallen into one of three related categories.

 

A. First, it is said that it demonstrates God's rejection of any who reject Jesus, a variant adding that those who did would be punished.

 

B. A second is that it is criticism of the wealthy; i.e., rich people had other things to do and were unwilling to accept Jesus' invitation.

 

C. A third was its use as a criticism of those Jews who failed to accept Jesus' invitation to "God's banquet." This too involved the threat of ultimate punishment.

 

Each of these interpretations is incorporated in one of the versions of the parable we find in scripture and other sources, reflecting how different points of view worked their way into the writing of the gospels.

 

3. Parables are interpreted in relation to the circumstances and events of the time. The three general interpretations described above reflect the difficulty early Christians experienced in sharing their faith and the oppression experienced by the early church. There has been a tendency to continue these defensive interpretations because they claim Christian superiority over others; sometimes over people of other faiths, sometimes over people of other Christian denominations, and sometimes over those who have no religion at all.

 

4. It would be well to keep in mind the circumstances and events of Jesus' own time to understand the significance of the parable. The society of his day was in turmoil. Among those who hated the dominance of Rome over their lands and society were groups’ looking forward to God’s finally establishing a kingdom to rule the world. Others saw the answer in assassination, what we might call terrorism. Some had developed intricate rules calling for pious living in the midst of the evil all around them. And others cooperated with Rome, and enriched themselves by so doing. One voice, John the Baptist, carried the tradition of the prophets by calling for repentance, believing that if Israel did so, God would send a Messiah to relieve their situation.

 

5. Within this cacophony of voices, Jesus did two things.

 

A. First, he chose to be baptized by John the Baptist, thus identifying himself with the long prophetic tradition.

 

B. Second, he went beyond John the Baptist. Agreeing with John the Baptist that repentance or changing our ways of living was necessary, he added that the kingdom every one was speaking about was already here—that it was possible to live in harmony with God under any circumstance.

 

6. In light of these teachings, the parable has a more subtle meaning. We might put ourselves into the place of the man having the dinner. The dinner represents the table around which Jesus invited all to share in God's kingdom or community. Having discovered this great "feast" of living in harmony with God, we want to share it with others, particularly with our friends and people of influence who can help spread the message. Much to our surprise and chagrin, they are not interested. What to do? We share the message with those who will hear, we invite anyone who will come to gather around the "banquet" table. When you think about it, doesn’t that seem to be the way Jesus lived?

 

 

Peter L. DeGroote