The Usefulness of a Mirror

by Peter L. DeGroote

 

 

 

Notes for Bible Talk: August 17, 2005

Please read:

Matthew 15: 10-20; Mark 7: 14-15

 

 

 

 

 

Bible Talk is an informal discussion of biblical passages, ideas, and related material.

The discussions are on Wednesday evenings at 7:30 pm, following the Service of Word and Table. Occasionally, they will not be held due to special events.

These Notes are intended to assist participants in thinking about the passages and some of their implications prior to the gathering.   

Usually, the Notes are prepared and the discussion is led by Rev. Peter L. DeGroote

 

 

The sources for biblical quotations are labeled as follows:

NRSV: The New Revised Standard Version, Copyright ©1989, The National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States.

SV: The Scholar’s Version; i.e., The Five Gospels, The Search for the Authentic Words of Jesus, Robert W. Funk and Roy W. Hoover, and The Jesus Seminar, Copyright © 1993 by Polebridge Press.

TM: The Message, The New Testament in Contemporary Language, Copyright © Eugene H. Peterson 1993. navpress, Colorado Springs.

M: My paraphrase.

 

 

“It is not what goes into the mouth that defiles a person; rather, it’s what comes out of the mouth that defiles a person.” (SV)

(Note: It is common to translate using the word "corrupts" instead of "defiles." However, the word "defiles" comes closer to describing the ancient understanding of being ritually unclean and, as a result, being shameful in the eyes of God and human society.)

 

1. Matthew follows Mark in making dietary (kosher) laws an example of undue reliance on rules to define our faith. In Jesus’ day, religious leaders insisted that a rigid adherence to the traditional rules reflected an honorable and worthy person, both in the eyes of God and society. As is often true today, the wealthy and powerful were often beyond criticism, meaning their honor and worth was assumed and seldom questioned. The poor, many of whom had neither time nor resources needed to comply with all of the traditional rules of piety, were publicly classified as shameful and unworthy in the eyes of both God and human society. As a result, the rules were a tool that justified upper class privileges and lower class oppression.

2. To avoid arrogance and self-righteousness, we should note that Christians have sometimes done the same. It seems to work in the following way:

A. Groups usually consist of people in similar social and economic situations, and often with similar views on a wide variety of subjects. (It is necessary to point out that Jesus' way was to gather very different people together, something we often resist.)

B. It is common for groups to formalize the way they think and are supposed to behave by transforming their attitudes and ways into formal statements of beliefs, principles, and rules of behavior. Over time, those statements can be elevated to the "hallowed" status of tradition. Those traditions often become more important that the original purpose of the group, any attempt to change them resulting in discord and conflict.

C. Religious groups in particular are tempted to begin thinking that God approves their ways or traditions. It does not seem to be a matter of God's approval or disapproval; God seems to be able to work in many different human situations. The problem is the ease by which we can jump from thinking God approves of our ways to thinking that our ways are God’s ways and our kinds of people are God's people—and only our kind. The result is our seeing those in our own group as honorable and worthy people and others as shameful and unworthy. It is worth thinking about how the Church can fall into that trap today, comparing it to Jesus' willingness to go anywhere and include everyone.

4. These arguments over tradition became a focus of contention as Christians slowly emerged from Judaism and established a separate identity. Having sprung from the same traditions, the early arguments between Christians and Jews over the future of those traditions were often bitter and condemnatory. Two additional sayings seem to direct the early Christians attention in the way the evangelist wanted them to go.

A. The first was a common proverb of the day: Every plant, which my heavenly Father does not plant, will be rooted out. (SV) It may have been a plea to stop the arguing and get on with our business instead of the business of others because only the future will show where God is taking things. Whatever the case, it is not a characteristic saying of Jesus. 

B. The second, adapted from the common wisdom of the day, is a warning: If a blind person guides a blind person, both will fall into some ditch. (SV) Both Christians and Jews could have used this advice, but it is clear that Matthew believes the blind guides were the Jews with whom they were arguing. 

5. Matthew and Mark went on to observe the human tendency to focus on what we don't like in others rather than on our own character and integrity, or that of our own group. In contrast, they provide a list of those things that come out of the mouth, or out of our hearts and minds that do corrupt us. Mathew points to our evil intentions, murder, adultery, fornication, theft, false witness, and slander (SV) as more important than any religious rules we might have for another. Mark added envy, wickedness, deceit, promiscuity, blasphemy, arrogance, and lack of good sense. (SV)

These are behaviors the writers of Matthew and Mark understood as separating us from God and others. Most of us would agree. The point: When constructing rules to help us love God and others, it is better to (1) begin with a mirror to inventory our own behavior and (2) to evaluate how well our rules lead us to love, forgiveness, mercy, and peace.

 

 

Peter L. DeGroote